As part of the SWARM-E project, a participatory research process was carried out in selected communities in Rwanda and Tanzania to understand local energy needs, economic activities, and priorities for future clean energy solutions. Using a four-step approach—literature review, partner interviews, stakeholder surveys and focus group discussions — the project gathered both quantitative and qualitative data. This helped build a well-rounded understanding of the local context and opportunities for productive uses of energy (PUE). The focus group discussions played a central role, involving local stakeholders in workshops and interactive exercises. These sessions explored how electricity could support income-generating activities and improve daily life. Special attention was given to women, youth, and technicians to ensure an inclusive approach. An innovative “appliance wheel” tool helped communities express their preferences for specific electric appliances. Insights from all activities were cross-validated to ensure accuracy and depth. This community-focused methodology ensures that SWARM-E’s energy solutions are grounded in real needs, socially inclusive, and tailored to support sustainable local development.
